DSA Sheet - Day 15 Stacks and Queues

DSA Sheet Day 15 - Stacks & Queues | ExpertFunda

🚀 DSA Sheet – Day 15: Stacks & Queues (Part 3)

This section introduces BFS-based problems, greedy strategies, and advanced stack patterns. These are frequently asked in product-based companies.

📊 Progress Tracker

Progress: 0 / 5 Completed

Done Problem Practice Level Companies
Rotten Oranges Solve Medium Meta, Flipkart
Sort a Stack Solve Medium Amazon, Microsoft
Stock Span Solve Medium Amazon, Adobe
Gas Station (Circular Tour) Solve Medium Cisco, Infosys
Largest Rectangle in Histogram Solve Hard Amazon, Microsoft

🧠 Key Approaches

  • Rotten Oranges: Multi-source BFS
  • Sort Stack: Recursion + insert in sorted order
  • Stock Span: Monotonic stack
  • Gas Station: Greedy + prefix sum logic
  • Largest Rectangle: Monotonic stack (area calculation)

⚡ Quick Cheatsheet

Rotten Oranges (BFS)


queue> q;

// push all rotten oranges first

while(!q.empty()){
  // BFS level traversal
  // spread infection
}
    

Stock Span


stack> st;

// store {price, span}
    

Gas Station


int total = 0, curr = 0, start = 0;

for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
  total += gas[i] - cost[i];
  curr += gas[i] - cost[i];

  if(curr < 0){
    start = i + 1;
    curr = 0;
  }
}

// if total >= 0 → answer exists
    

Largest Rectangle in Histogram


// use monotonic stack
// calculate width using previous smaller elements
    

🔥 Pro Tip

These problems combine multiple concepts:
  • BFS (graph-like thinking)
  • Greedy decisions (Gas Station)
  • Stack patterns (Stock Span, Histogram)
Mastering these patterns makes you significantly faster in interviews.
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